Filter



(ModeL) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

e. W. DAWSON.

FILTER.

No. 250,630. Patented Dec. 6,1881.

1-6256 -91? fzzvtervor g, a 1 W W J? W @I NITED STATES PATENT Orrrca.

GEORGE W. DAWSON, INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JAMES SULLIVAN, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

FILTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 250,630, dated. December 6, 1881.

Application filed February 14, 1881. (ModeL) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, GEORGE W. DAWSON, of Indianapolis, county of Marion and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Filters, and in filling the same, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates more especially to that class of filtersknown as pressure-filters, and its object is to provide afilter that can be easily and cheaply manufactured, and yet one that will be thoroughly efficient in operation.

Another object of myinvention is to provide an improved means for and modeof filling and emptying filters of the aforesaid class.

Referring to the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section through a filter constructed according to thepreferred form of my invention. Fig. 2 represents the inner face of one of the heads of the filter shown in Fig. 1. Figs.3 and 4 represent modifications, showing different methods in which the ends of the filter may be constructed. Fig. 5 represents the mechanism for filling the filter.

A represents the body of the filter, which is constructed after the manner of a barrel, consisting of stares held together by the ordinary hoops,andthisbodyis providedwithtwoheads, A. At some point in the body a bung-hole or opening, a, is formed, which may be stopped by any appropriate form of bung or stopper, as a.

Each of the heads A has an opening, into which are screwed the hollow plugs or conduits B, to which the inlet and outlet hose or pipes B are connected. In the drawings oneof these plugs is shown in section, and the other is represented as it appears with a hose connected. The inner face of each of the heads A is preferabl y provided with a series of circular grooves, 12, which are connected by the straight crossgrooves I). These grooves are for the purpose of allowing the water a free passage from the entire inner surface of the head to the center, or to the point where the plugsB penetrate the head, so that the water may readily escape from the filter. The inner ends of the plugs B do not extend entirely through the heads A, but are left, as shown, so the ends do not exsage through the neck 01.

tend beyond the bottom of the grooves b b, so that the water will pass freely from these grooves into and through the plugs.

The sand or other filtering material used is prevented from passing into and filling up the grooves b b by a wire or other screen, 0, which covers over the entireinner face of the heads, and the wire or other screen 0 is attached to each head before the said head is introduced into and made a part of the cask or barrel.

The cask or casingof the filter is constructed complete before the filtering material is introduced. When the sand or other filtering materialis tobeintroduced the device represented in Fig. 5 is employed. The hung a is removed and the filtering material such as sand, ground flint, or pulverized charcoal, Ste-is poured into the cask until it is nearly filled with the material. The preferred method of pouring the material into the cask is by theuse of a large funnel, the spout of which is introduced into the hole a, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5, and the material is put into the funnel, and water also poured-into it, which latter step washes the material into the cask; but it has been found in practice that the cask 7 5 cannot be perfectly filled in this manner. I have therefore devised the apparatus herein represented, which consists of a tank or cask, D,larger than the filter, which is placed either on the floor or, as is better, on a stand or ele- 8o vated platform, D. At the top of this tankis a funnel or hopper, d, which communicates with the interior of the cask through the neck d, the latter being securely attached to the head of the tank, and provided with a stopcock, (1 which is capable of closing the pas- Near the bottom, and at opposite sides of this tank D, are the inlet and outlet conduits e 0, each provided with a suitable stop-cock. 0

To the inlet-conduit e is attached the hose, E, which is connected with the hydrant, and to the outlet-conduit e is connected the hose- E, for connection with the filter to be filled. After the filter has been partly filled, as before 5 described,the hose E from the tank D is connected with the filter, as shown in Fig. 5. The stop-cock d is now opened, and a quantity of the filtering material poured into the hopper or funnel d, and a stream of water directed into the hopper from the pipe E, which is attached to the inlet-conduit eand provided with a suitable stop-cock, 0 as shown. This stream of water will wash the filtering material into the cask D. When sufficient material has been introduced into the tank D the stop-cock d is closed and the stop-cocks in the conduits cand e are opened, and the force of the current passing through the tank -D from the hydrant washes the filtering m aterial with considerable force from the tank D,through the pipe E,into the filter. The water which passes into the filter passes out through the pipes B, and is conveyed away by any desired connection.

The filtering material is prevented from pass ing out of the filter, or even into the grooves 12 b, by the screen (J. By this means the filter is completely and tightly filled, which result cannot be accomplished by any other method. When the filter has been filled the pipe E is disconnected therefrom and the hole ais closed, and the filter is ready for use. One of the pipes B is connected with the hydrant, and the other pipe is connected with the pipes which supply the house-with water, or which dispose of the water in any desired manner.

Instead of constructing the heads of the filter as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, they may be as in Fig. 3, in which a supplemental head, F, is attached to the head A. This supplemental head is so constructed as to leave a space between it and the head A, and is provided with numerous perforations,f. These openings f and the space f take the place of the grooves b b. Theinner face of the supplemental head F is covered over with the screen 0, as in the head shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Another method of constructing the ends of the filter is shown inFig. 4, in which two heads are used, the inner one being perforated and its inner face being covered over with a screen, as before.

By the use of a filter constructed and filled as described I am enabled to produce water thatis perfectly clear and this result is accomplished in consequence of the use of my device for filling the filter, by which the filter can be perfectly filled.

The device for filling the filter may be used to fill filters constructed otherwise than as herein described but it is specially adapted to filling the particular form of filter herein described.

To empty the cask of filtering material Iclose the delivery stop-cock g, turn the cask so that the orifice a is underneath, open the filling-orifice a, turn on the flow of water through conduit B by opening stop-cock g. The fiow of water will quickly wash all of the filtering material out of the cask through orifice a,after which the cask can be refilled In so far as I am aware, I am the first to employ the agency of water to empty a filter, and the first to employ the agency of water in conjunction with filtering material to fill a filter,

and also the first to employ water under pressure to pack the filter with filtering material.

Having thus described the various features of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. In the filling of filters with filtering mate rial, the method of conveying filtering material to a filter and closely packing the filter therewith by means of Water under pressure, which consists in connecting areceptacle'holding filtering material and water to the filter by a tube, and then subjecting the material and liquid in the said filling-receptacle to pressure greater than that of the atmosphere, whereby the water carrying the filtering material is forced into the filter, closely and compactly packing the latter, substantially as described.

2. A filtering receptacle consisting of the hooped wooden cask A and the two wooden heads A, said heads being provided with outlet and inlet water-conduits B, and the inner face of said heads being provided with grooves 11 b and the screens 0, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. A filtering-receptacle consisting of the hooped wooden caskA, provided with the two wooden heads A, said heads being provided with water-conduits B and the grooves b b, and covered with the screens 0, and provided with filtering-material conduit separate from the said water-conduits B, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. A filtering-receptacle consisting of the hooped wooden cask A, provided with the two wooden heads A, said heads being provided 'with water-conduits B and covered with the screens 0, said receptacle being provided with filtering-material conduit separate from the said water-conduits B, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. The herein-described apparatus for filling filtering receptacles with filtering material, and consisting of a receptacle, as D, containing the filtering material, and provided with a suitable inlet-conduit for the introduction of the filtering material into the said receptacle, and the conduit E, in combination with a suitable filtering-receptacle, as A, and the waterconduits B, for enabling the filtering-receptacle A to be filled with filtering material from the receptacle D by aid of water under pressure, substantially as described.

6. The apparatus for filling filtering-receptacles with filtering material, and consisting of a receptacle, as D,containing the filtering material, and provided with a suitable inlet filteringmaterial conduit, as d, having a stop-cock, d and the inlet water-conduit 6, provided with stop-cock, and provided with the conduit E, in combination with a suitable filtering-receptacle, as A, and the water-conduits B, for enablin g the filtering-receptacle A to be filled with filtering material from thercceptacle D by the aid of water under pressure, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

IIO

7. Theherein-describcd apparatus for filling filtering-receptacles with filtering material, and consisting of a receptacle, as D, containing the filtering material, and provided with a suitableinlet-conduit for theintroductiou of the filtering material into said receptacle, and the conduit E, provided with stop-cock e, in combination with a suitable filtering-receptacle, as A, and the water-conduits B, for enabling the filtering-receptacle A to be filled with filtering material from the receptacleD by aid of water under pressure, substantially as described.

8. The apparatusforfillingfiltering-receptacles with filtering material, and consisting of a receptacle, as D, containing the filtering material, and provided with a suitable inlet filtering-material conduit, as (1, having a stopcock, (Z and the inlet water-conduit e, provided with stop-cock, and provided with the conduit E, having stop-cock e, in combination with a 20 suitable filtering-receptacle, as A, and the water-conduits B, for enabling the filtering-receptacle A to be filled with filtering material from the receptacle D by the aid of water under pressure, substantially as and for the pur- 25 poses specified.

9. The herein-described device for filling filtering-receptacles with filtering material,consisting of the tank D, provided with funnel d and stop-cocks e e, the inlet water-conduit E, 0 being provided with pipe E substantially as and for the purposes specified.

GEO. W. DAWSON.

Attest:

ADOLPH L. BROWN, E. R. HILL. 

